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Republican holds
Republican holds
Republican pickups
Democratic holds
Democratic pickups
Simultaneous Republican hold and Democratic pickup
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The U.S. Senate election of 1930 occurred in the middle of Republican President Herbert Hoover's first term. With the Great Depression beginning to take hold, Republican incumbents became unpopular, and Democrats gained a net of eight seats, although Republicans retained control of the chamber.
The Republicans only gained one seat by defeating incumbent Daniel F. Steck (D-IA). The Democrats took open seats in Colorado, Illinois, Massachusetts, and West Virginia, and defeated five incumbents:
This was the first of four consecutive Senate elections in the Depression in which Democrats made major gains, achieving a cumulative gain of 37 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Party | Result | Other candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | James Thomas Heflin | Democratic | Disqualified from primary for supporting Herbert Hoover. Lost general election as an independent, 59.7-40.3 Democratic hold |
John H. Bankhead II (Democratic) |
| Arkansas | Joseph Taylor Robinson | Democratic | Re-elected, unopposed | |
| Colorado | Lawrence C. Phipps | Republican | Retired Democratic gain, 55.9 - 42.7 |
Edward P. Costigan (Democratic) George H. Shaw (Republican) |
| Delaware | Daniel O. Hastings | Republican | Re-elected, 54.5 - 45.4 | Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) |
| Georgia | William J. Harris | Democratic | Re-elected, unopposed | |
| Idaho | William Borah | Republican | Re-elected, 72.4 - 27.6 | Joseph M. Tyler (Democratic) |
| Illinois | Charles S. Deneen | Republican | Lost renomination Democratic gain, 64.0 - 30.7 |
James H. Lewis (Democratic) Ruth H. McCormick (Republican) |
| Iowa | Daniel F. Steck | Democratic | Lost re-election Republican gain, 56.3 - 43.0 |
Lester J. Dickinson (Republican) |
| Kansas | Arthur Capper | Republican | Re-elected, 61.1 - 38.9 | Jonathan M. Davis (Democratic) |
| Kansas Special (Class 3) |
Henry J. Allen | Republican | Interim appointee lost election to finish term Democratic gain, 50.0 - 48.0 |
George McGill (Democratic) |
| Kentucky | John M. Robsion | Republican | Lost re-election Democratic gain, 52.1 - 47.9 |
M. M. Logan (Democratic) |
| Louisiana | Joseph E. Ransdell | Democratic | Lost renomination Democratic hold, unopposed |
Huey Long (Democratic) |
| Maine | Arthur J. Gould | Republican | Retired Republican hold, 60.9 - 39.1 |
Wallace H. White, Jr. (Republican) Frank W. Haskell (Democratic) |
| Massachusetts | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | Retired Democratic gain, 54.0 - 44.7 |
Marcus A. Coolidge (Democratic) William M. Butler (Republican) |
| Michigan | James Couzens | Republican | Re-elected, 78.2 - 20.9 | Thomas A. E. Weadock (Democratic) |
| Minnesota | Thomas D. Schall | Republican | Re-elected, 37.6 - 36.1 - 22.9 | Einar Hoidale (Democratic) Ernest Lundeen (Farmer-Labor) |
| Mississippi | Pat Harrison | Democratic | Re-elected, unopposed | |
| Montana | Thomas J. Walsh | Democratic | Re-elected, 60.3 - 37.9 | Albert J. Galen (Republican) |
| Nebraska | George W. Norris | Republican | Re-elected, 56.8 - 39.7 | Gilbert M. Hitchcock (Democratic) |
| New Hampshire | Henry W. Keyes | Republican | Re-elected, 57.9 - 41.9 | Albert W. Noone (Democratic) |
| New Jersey | David Baird, Jr. | Republican | Retired Republican hold, 58.5 - 39.0 |
Dwight W. Morrow (Republican) Alexander Simpson (Democratic) |
| New Mexico | Sam G. Bratton | Democratic | Re-elected, 58.6 - 41.2 | Herbert B. Holt (Republican) |
| North Carolina | Furnifold McLendel Simmons | Democratic | Lost renomination Democratic hold, 60.6 - 39.4 |
Josiah W. Bailey (Democratic) George M. Pritchard (Republican) |
| Ohio Special (Class 3) |
Roscoe C. McCulloch | Republican | Interim appointee lost election to finish term Democratic gain, 54.8 - 45.2 |
Robert J. Bulkley (Democratic) |
| Oklahoma | William B. Pine | Republican | Lost re-election Democratic gain, 52.3 - 47.5 |
Thomas P. Gore (Democratic) |
| Oregon | Charles L. McNary | Republican | Re-elected, 58.1 - 27.9 - 7.4 | Elton Watkins (Democratic) L. A. Banks (Independent) |
| Pennsylvania Special (Class 3) |
Joseph R. Grundy | Republican | Interim appointee lost nomination to finish term Republican hold, 71.5 - 25.6 |
James J. Davis (Republican) Sedgwick Kistler (Democratic) |
| Rhode Island | Jesse H. Metcalf | Republican | Re-elected, 50.3 - 49.2 | Peter G. Gerry (Democratic) |
| South Carolina | Coleman Livingston Blease | Democratic | Lost renomination Democratic hold, unopposed |
James F. Byrnes (Democratic) |
| South Dakota | William H. McMaster | Republican | Lost re-election Democratic gain, 51.6 - 48.4 |
William J. Bulow (Democratic) |
| Tennessee | William Emerson Brock | Democratic | Retired Democratic hold, 71.3 - 27.1 |
Cordell Hull (Democratic) Paul E. Divine (Republican) |
| Texas | Morris Sheppard | Democratic | Re-elected, 86.9 - 12.7 | D. J. Haesly (Republican) |
| Virginia | Carter Glass | Democratic | Re-elected, 76.7 - 17.9 - 5.4 | J. Cloyd Byars (Independent) Joe C. Morgan (Socialist) |
| West Virginia | Guy D. Goff | Republican | Retired Democratic gain, 61.9 - 37.9 |
Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) James E. Jones (Republican) |
| Wyoming | Patrick Joseph Sullivan | Republican | Retired Republican hold, 59.1-41.0 |
Robert D. Carey (Republican) Henry H. Schwartz (Democratic) |
| 71st Congress Senate Composition | 72nd Congress Senate Composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 56 | 58% | Republican | 48 | 50% | |
| Democratic | 39 | 41% | Democratic | 47 | 49% | |
| Farmer-Labor | 1 | 1% | Farmer-Labor | 1 | 1% | |
| 71st Congress Senate Composition | 72nd Congress Senate Composition | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | |||||
| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | |
| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | |
| D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | |
| D | FL | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | FL | |
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |||||
| Color Key: | D | = Democratic | FL | = Farmer-Labor | R | = Republican |
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